Cardiovascular Connective Tissue Disorders We Treat
We care for a full range of connective tissue disorders that affect your heart and blood vessels, including:
- Marfan syndrome: Causes a genetic change to protein fibrillin-1, leading to weakening of your aorta, aortic root aneurysm and mitral valve prolapse
- Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS): Affects your blood vessels, causing them to widen (arterial aneurysm) and twist (arterial tortuosity)
- Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS): The vascular type of EDS causes weakened blood vessels, leading to arterial ruptures and valve problems
- Systemic sclerosis (scleroderma): An autoimmune condition causes thickened, stiff connective tissue in your heart and blood vessels
- Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (FTAAD): An inherited tendency to develop a bulge in the upper part of your aorta (aneurysm) or a tear in your aorta (dissection)
- Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE): Causes the elastic fibers in your blood vessels to harden due to calcium buildup
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): Can cause inflammation of your heart lining (pericarditis), valves and heart muscle
Diagnosing Cardiovascular Connective Tissue Disorders
Whether your condition is already confirmed or you’re still looking for answers, our heart and blood vessel team works together and with other specialists as needed to develop a coordinated, comprehensive and personalized care plan.
What to expect at your first visit
During your appointment, we’ll review your symptoms, medical history, any prior testing and do a physical exam. From there, we’ll go over next steps, including any additional tests you may need and the specialists who may be involved in your care. Some tests can be completed during your visit, while others may be scheduled for a different day.
Testing for cardiovascular connective tissue disorders
We’ll begin with general tests for connective tissue disorders. Then, depending on the results, we may recommend more targeted tests based on the type of disorder we suspect. These may include:
Your diagnosis will also help determine how often you need testing down the road. Our goal is to find any changes as early as possible so we can begin treatment right away before any complications develop.
A Team Approach to Care
Our team of experts has experience in a wide range of specialties. But they all work closely together, sharing test results and other information to give you seamless and comprehensive care. In addition to cardiologists and vascular specialists, your team may include:
If you’re pregnant with Loeys-Dietz syndrome, you may be at higher risk of uterine rupture, so we may add a perinatologist to your care team. This high-risk pregnancy expert, alongside our cardio-obstetrics team, will help support pregnancy planning and care.
Locations
Our healthcare providers see patients at Main Campus.
Treating Cardiovascular Connective Tissue Disorders at Cleveland Clinic
Your treatment depends on your diagnosis, symptoms and any risk factors. You might only need monitoring and medication, or you may need surgery at some point. We’ll watch carefully for changes and help you manage your condition over time.
Medications
Our team will work together to find the right combination of medications to lower your blood pressure, reduce stress on your aorta and arteries, and manage and treat any related symptoms. We’ll also adjust any medications as your condition changes.
Surgery
If necessary, we may recommend surgery to repair or replace part of your aorta or to treat other heart valve problems. Our heart surgeons have years of experience in treating the most complex aortic and vascular conditions. You may have:
- Aorta surgery: This can repair a weakened or enlarged aorta (aneurysm) or a torn aorta (dissection), using either open or minimally invasive techniques.
- Aortic valve surgery: This repairs or replaces your aortic valve with tissue or mechanical options through open or minimally invasive methods.
- Valve-sparing aortic root replacement with aortic valve reimplantation: This procedure replaces the part of your aorta directly attached to your heart (aortic root), but allows you to keep your natural aortic valve.
Therapy
We offer therapies to help you stay strong and active in daily life. These may include physical therapy, pain management and suggested activities that are safe for your heart.
Follow-Up Care
If you have a connective tissue disorder that affects your heart and blood vessels, regular heart check-ups are important. You’ll need heart exams and imaging tests, like ultrasounds (echocardiograms) or MRIs, to keep a close eye on your aorta and valves. Medications can help protect your heart and manage your blood pressure. Make sure to follow your schedule, take your medicines and watch for warning signs, like chest pain or shortness of breath.
What’s Next?
A cardiovascular connective tissue disorder is a lifelong condition. But with regular monitoring and expert care, you can stay active and live well. Whether you’re newly diagnosed or are managing your condition long-term, our expert heart team is here to guide and support you every step of the way.

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